Orange water first started to enter Whitehaven Harbour in November 2022. The contaminated water is getting into Queens Dock through something called a culvert

A culvert is a tunnel or pipe that allows water to flow under things like roads and railways. In Queens Dock, the culvert is releasing water from Bransty Beck and a drainage system in Bransty railway tunnel.  
 
Bransty railway tunnel takes trains underground between Corkickle and Whitehaven. In recent years, this tunnel has started to flood. Tests have shown that the floodwater has iron ochre in it, which makes sense because the tunnel runs through areas where coal is found.
 
As soon as the contaminated water began to arrive in the harbour, we started working with Whitehaven Marina Ltd, the Environment Agency, Network Rail, the Coal Authority, Cumberland Council and our local MP to test the water, find the source and look for a way to stop it. 
Why is this happening now?
The geology of west Cumbria is complex. Any water running through it (in a tunnel, drain or similar) may pick up metals and colour. This means we may never fully understand why this is happening now. 

We know the contaminated water is coming from Bransty railway tunnel. One possible explanation is that water has been getting in there for a long time. Experts believe that the stones used in the railway, called ballast, might have helped filter the contaminated water. But after a while, the ballast got blocked and worn, making it less effective. 

Network Rail has been exploring ways to help fix this by replacing the ballast. Regulators have warned against this. Moving the ballast could disturb even more contaminated water and make things worse.

How will you find out where the contaminated water is coming from?  
We have received many messages, emails, and calls from the people of Cumbria. They alerted us to areas with similar orange water, hoping they could be the source. The relevant authorities tested these sources. The results ruled them out because the water's composition is different.

Network Rail, the Environment Agency, and the Coal Authority have investigated how and where water is entering the Bransty railway tunnel. So far, these investigations have been inconclusive. 

Why can’t Network Rail stop the water coming into Bransty tunnel? 
Network Rail is funded to deal with the impact of the contaminated water on the railway only. It is focussed on delivering a safe and reliable railway for the people of Whitehaven, and not making the situation worse when work is carried out.

Network Rail are focussed on making sure the railway can continue to run, and are planning a full renewal of the track and drainage system in 2025 and 2026.

Why can’t the culvert be blocked up or diverted out to sea? 
The culvert carries a natural watercourse from Bransty Beck. It cannot be blocked, as this would cause flooding elsewhere.

A diversion of the water would need a lot of engineering and treatment. It would also be expensive and need regulatory approval and/or licences. All this would take a long time.
What can be done to sort this out?
A task force was set up in March 2024. It includes representatives from key organisations and affected community groups. It also includes the agencies involved in testing and investigating the contaminated water.  

Former MP Trudy Harrison brought the group together. It is now led by Whitehaven and Workington’s new MP, Josh MacAlister.  

Investigations are looking into finding a way to clean or filter the water running out of the tunnel. After much research, some potential treatments have been identified. 

Researchers need to conduct further studies to understand if they will work. Any potential treatment could need government approval and possibly licences. This includes where to take waste after any treatment. 

To make this happen data will need to be gathered and the evidence looked at by experts.  All this will take time.

When will this be sorted?
The task force is doing everything they can. However, any solution they come up with will be complex and take time to develop. 

Whitehaven Harbour Commissioners know this is a challenging situation. We realise it will take time to find the right answer. Getting funding and permissions will also take time, and we can't change or control that. But guided by experts with the necessary experience, we are confident it's possible to solve this. We will be pushing to see a working solution in place by next year.

Is the water harmful to humans, wildlife or the ocean?
The Environment Agency tested the water in December 2022. It found the water had increased metal levels. These levels are not believed to be harmful due to dilution in the harbour and estuary. 

Regulators are still monitoring the situation. Experts say the contaminated water won't harm the wider water quality or the flora and fauna. 

The usual wildlife still visits. There are fish in the water. Those that feed on them seem to be coping with the conditions. 

The Clean Rivers Trust says the contaminated water is harmful to the crustaceans that live in the sediments. Over time this will be a problem for the fish in the harbour as it removes their food source. 

They also warn that the iron hydroxides coating the harbour floor, although not poisonous to humans, should not be paddled in or ingested. Mussles found on the hulls of the boats in the harbour should not be eaten. 

Whitehaven Harbour Commissioners are not experts in this area. We are guided by information and advice from government agencies and experts. 

We worry about the long-term effects on the environment, the community, and the town's prosperity. So, we continue to push for the urgent implementation of a permanent solution.

Josh MacAlister MP

Josh MacAlister is the Labour MP for Whitehaven and Workington, and has been an MP since 4 July 2024. MPs represent their local community’s interests and concerns in the House of Commons. MPs consider and can propose new laws as well as raising issues that matter to you in the House. MPs split their time between working in Parliament itself, working in the constituency that elected them and working for their political party.

Whitehaven Harbour Commissioners

Whitehaven Harbour Commissioners is a small not-for-profit organisation. They are responsible for protecting and managing the harbour, which is a Trust Port. This means no one owns it and a board of volunteers governs it. All of the money they make goes straight back into taking care of Whitehaven Harbour.

Whitehaven Marina Limited

Whitehaven Marina Limited is a private company. It runs the harbour's leisure and commercial facility. It is the Harbour Commissioners' tenant. The marina has 400 serviced pontoon berths and quay wall berths for larger boats. A 24/7 sea lock is accessible at almost all tides. There is also a modern boatyard and outside/undercover boat storage.

Cumberland Council

Cumberland Council is the local authority for Cumberland. It is a unitary authority, which means it’s a district council that also performs the functions of a county council. They are responsible for education, transport, planning, fire and public safety, social care, libraries, waste management, trading standards, rubbish collection, recycling, housing, and planning applications.

Whitehaven Town Council

Whitehaven Town Council is the local council for the parish of Whitehaven. They can help on a number of local issues, like providing: allotments, public clocks, bus shelters, community centres, play areas and play equipment, grants to help local organisations, consultation on neighbourhood planning. They also have the power to issue fixed penalty fines for things like: litter, graffiti, fly-posting, dog offences.

Network Rail

Network Rail is the owner and infrastructure manager of most of the railway network in the UK. Network Rail is a non-departmental public body of the Department for Transport. They repair and develop the railway infrastructure in England, Scotland and Wales. They look after 20,000 miles of track, 30,000 bridges, tunnels, and viaducts, and thousands of signals, level crossings, and stations. They also manage 20 of the country’s largest stations.

The Coal Authority

The Coal Authority is an executive non-departmental public body, sponsored by the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. They manage the effects of past coal mining. This includes subsidence damage claims that are not the responsibility of licensed coal mine operators. It deals with mine water pollution and other mining legacy issues. The Coal Authority offers its skills to other government bodies, local governments, and businesses.

The Environment Agency

The Environment Agency is an executive non-departmental public body, sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs. In England they’re responsible for regulating major industry and waste, treatment of contaminated land, water quality and resources, fisheries, inland river, estuary and harbour navigations, conservation and ecology. They are also responsible for managing the risk of flooding from main rivers, reservoirs, estuaries and the sea.

Clean Rivers Trust

Clean Rivers Trust is a charity. It leads research on reducing pollution from abandoned mines in the UK, Europe, and beyond. The Trust has researched pollution, including contaminated water, across much of the country. They advise national and local governments, the Environment Agency, and special interest groups. They can also help concerned individuals.

Co-Lab Engineering

Co-Lab Engineering cuts time, risk, and cost for regulated industries. They do this by integrating people, processes, and technology. They are a local company based in Whitehaven. They work in the agriculture, renewables, and nuclear sectors.

Forth Engineering

Forth Engineering is a local engineering company that finds solutions to complex problems. They are based in Flimby and work within the following sectors: nuclear, oil and gas, marine, sub-sea and renewables.

Sellafield Ltd

Sellafield Ltd is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and has offices based in Whitehaven. They clean up the country’s highest nuclear risks and hazards, safeguard nuclear fuel, materials and waste.

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